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Navigation Actions

The NavigationActions class provides methods for navigating browser windows, handling URLs, and page navigation. It's accessed via the navigation() method of the DriverActions class.

Basic Navigation​

DriverActions actions = new DriverActions(driver);

// Navigate to a URL
actions.navigation().navigateToUrl("https://example.com");

// Refresh the current page
actions.navigation().refreshPage();

// Navigate back in browser history
actions.navigation().navigateBack();

// Navigate forward in browser history
actions.navigation().navigateForward();

Working with URLs​

// Get the current URL
String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();

// Verify URL containing text
boolean containsText = actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("dashboard");

// Verify exact URL
boolean isExactUrl = actions.waits().waitForUrlToBe("https://example.com/dashboard");

Working with Page Titles​

// Get the current page title
String pageTitle = driver.getTitle();

// Verify title containing text
boolean containsText = actions.waits().waitForTitleContains("Dashboard");

// Verify exact title
boolean isExactTitle = actions.waits().waitForTitleIs("User Dashboard");

Practical Examples​

Multi-Step Navigation Flow​

public void completeOnboardingFlow() {
    DriverActions actions = new DriverActions(driver);
    
    // Start at homepage
    actions.navigation().navigateToUrl("https://example.com");
    
    // Navigate through the onboarding steps
    actions.elements().clickOnElement(By.id("getStarted"));
    actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("/step1");
    
    actions.elements().sendData(By.id("userName"), "TestUser");
    actions.elements().clickOnElement(By.id("nextButton"));
    actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("/step2");
    
    actions.elements().sendData(By.id("email"), "test@example.com");
    actions.elements().clickOnElement(By.id("nextButton"));
    actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("/step3");
    
    actions.elements().clickOnElement(By.id("finishButton"));
    
    // Verify we reached the dashboard
    actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("/dashboard");
    actions.waits().waitForTitleContains("Dashboard");
}

Testing Browser Navigation Buttons​

public void testBrowserNavigation() {
    DriverActions actions = new DriverActions(driver);
    
    // Start at homepage
    actions.navigation().navigateToUrl("https://example.com");
    
    // Go to another page
    actions.elements().clickOnElement(By.linkText("About Us"));
    actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("/about");
    
    // Navigate back to homepage
    actions.navigation().navigateBack();
    actions.waits().waitForUrlToBe("https://example.com/");
    
    // Navigate forward to About page again
    actions.navigation().navigateForward();
    actions.waits().waitForUrlContains("/about");
    
    // Refresh the page
    actions.navigation().refreshPage();
    actions.waits().waitForElementToBeVisible(By.id("aboutHeading"));
}